Design and Construction of an Automatic Rice Crackers (Rengginang) Dryer Based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The traditional process of drying rice crackers still depends heavily on weather conditions, especially sunlight, which often becomes an obstacle during the rainy season. This research aims to design and develop an automatic rice crackers (rengginang) dryer based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that can operate autonomously and be monitored through a website. The system uses an ESP32 microcontroller as the main controller, a DS18B20 temperature sensor to detect temperature, heaters as heating elements, and fans to distribute and cool the air inside the drying chamber. Temperature control is performed automatically using a Decision Tree algorithm, allowing the system to turn the heaters and fans on or off according to the detected temperature conditions. The temperature data and system status are sent in real time to a Firebase-backed website, enabling users to remotely monitor the drying process. Based on testing results, the device can maintain a stable temperature between 55 and 80 degrees Celsius with a reliable control response, effectively reducing drying time to approximately four hours compared to the one-to-two-day duration required by the traditional manual method. This system is expected to