Internet of Things-Based White-Rumped Shama Egg Incubator

Abstract

The Magpie Robin is a songbird species with high economic value and is widely cultivated by the community. However, the success rate of hatching of this bird's eggs is still low due to temperature and humidity instability during the incubation process. This study aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Magpie Robin egg incubator that is able to monitor and control temperature and humidity automatically and in real-time. This system uses an ESP32 microcontroller as a control center connected to a DHT22 sensor, an incandescent lamp as a heater, a DC fan as a cooler, a synchronous motor for automatic egg turning, and an ESP32-CAM camera for visual monitoring inside the incubator. Data is sent to the Blynk IoT platform for remote monitoring via a web dashboard. The development method used is Waterfall, including the stages of requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing. Based on the results of this test, the tool is able to control the temperature automatically in the range of 37–38°C and humidity of 50–60%, in accordance with the hatching standards for Murai Batu bird eggs, the egg incubator machine operates for 14 days with 4 Murai Batu bird eggs, on the day of hatching 3 eggs successfully hatched and 1 did not hatch, eggs that did not hatch were indicated to be infertile or unfertilized. With this, the Murai Batu egg incubator machine has a success rate in hatching reaching 75%.