Design and Implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Smart Farming System for Chili Plants in Parit 4, Tembilahan Hulu

Eki Pirnanda; Bayu Rianto; Muh Rasyid Ridha

doi:10.59934/jaiea.v6i1.2655

Authors

Eki Pirnanda Universitas Islam Indragiri
Bayu Rianto Universitas Islam Indragiri
Muh Rasyid Ridha Universitas Islam Indragiri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59934/jaiea.v6i1.2655

Keywords:

Automatic irrigation, ESP32, Internet of Things (IoT), Smart farming, Soil moisture monitoring

Abstract

Efficient irrigation management is essential for improving chili cultivation productivity while reducing excessive water consumption. This study aimed to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart farming system capable of performing automatic irrigation and real-time environmental monitoring. The proposed system employed an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a capacitive soil moisture sensor, a DHT22 sensor, a relay module, and a DC water pump. Environmental data were transmitted through a Wi-Fi network to a MySQL database and visualized using a web-based dashboard, allowing users to monitor soil moisture, air temperature, and relative humidity while controlling irrigation remotely. The developed system was evaluated through Black Box Testing to verify hardware and software functionality, communication reliability, and automatic irrigation performance. The implementation results demonstrated that all system components operated successfully, enabling stable real-time monitoring, automatic irrigation based on predefined soil moisture thresholds, and remote manual control through the web interface. The communication process between the ESP32 and the web server achieved response times below three seconds, while the usability evaluation obtained a feasibility score of 88.8%, indicating that the system is highly suitable for practical application. The proposed IoT-based smart farming system effectively improves irrigation efficiency, optimizes water utilization, and supports sustainable chili cultivation through integrated environmental monitoring and automated irrigation management.

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